Metrology Glossary: Potential Transformer
What Is A Potential Transformer?
A potential transformer (PT) is a type of instrument transformer used to reduce high voltage levels to safer values suitable for use with electrical testing equipment. Potential transformers are alternatively referred to as voltage transformers (VTs). These devices operate based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which asserts that exposing a conductor to a changing magnetic field induces a voltage. A potential transformer consists of two windings: a primary winding connected to the high voltage circuit and a secondary winding connected to the electrical testing instrument. The voltage step-down ratio of the PT is determined by the ratio of turns in the primary winding to turns in the secondary winding.
What Are Potential Transformers Used For?
- Measurement and Monitoring: Potential transformers play a vital role in facilitating the measurement of elevated voltage levels using conventional voltage meters and various testing apparatus. This is essential for the continuous monitoring of power networks, assessing the performance of electrical equipment, and ensuring a secure environment during maintenance and testing procedures.
- Protection and Control: Potential transformers offer isolated voltage inputs crucial for protective relays and control systems. By doing so, they safeguard these critical components against high voltage transients, ensuring their reliability. Additionally, potential transformers enable precise voltage-dependent control functions such as load shedding and generator synchronization, enhancing the overall efficiency of protection and control mechanisms.
- Power Line Carrier Communication: Potential transformers serve to isolate and refine voltage signals for systems transmitted over power lines. This capability allows for the implementation of remote monitoring and control of equipment without the need for supplementary communication infrastructure. This not only simplifies the communication process but also contributes to more efficient and streamlined power line carrier communication systems.
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May 23, 2022
